科學的英語閱讀理解

① 一道英語閱讀題，百思不得其解，求解答

選b不選c
原因，第三抄段的 倒數兩行 意思是 批判性思維的過程是和長久記憶的事實知識相輔相成的 也就是說 critical thingking和knowledge誰也離不開誰
題干c的意思是 技能是獲得知識的根本 文章中 關於skill，aquire的定位出現在第二段第二行 技能戰勝了知識 言外之意是技能重要 但是 第三段的evidence已經把技能的重要性否定啦
所以c選項是錯的
不造這樣解釋你能理解嘛

技能不能離開知識 和 技能是知識的根本 不是一個意思 技能和知識的關系是相輔相成

② 高考英語閱讀理解的解題方法及提分技巧

高考英語閱讀理解的解題方法及提分技巧2017

高考近在眼前，如何合理利用時間使高考備考達到最好的效果，是廣大考生最關心的問題之一，閱讀理解所佔高考英語分數比例是比較大，因此想要穩定高考英語成績，就要提高閱讀理解的解題能力，下面為各位同學整理高考英語閱讀理解的解題方法及考試分析。下面是我為大家帶來的高考英語閱讀理解的解題方法及提分技巧的知識，歡迎閱讀。

高考英語閱讀理解考試分析

一、閱讀理解考什麼和怎麼考

從以上統計中我們看出 ,高考對考生在獲取信息和處理信息的速度上是有要求的 ,而且這一要求在逐年提高。從目前的統計數字看 ,高考閱讀量還有提高的餘地。最新的高中課程標准對合格高中畢業生閱讀外語速度的要求是每分鍾 70 - 80 個詞。

其次 ,閱讀理解文章的題材和體裁也更加多樣化 ,更貼近生活。每份試題中至少有十幾個單詞標中文注釋 ,除此之外 ,還有一些課本里沒有出現過的詞需要學生從文章的上下文中去猜詞義。另外 ,近幾年來高考英語閱讀理解試題中增加了“搜尋信息”的考查內容。例如 ,1996 年試題 E閱讀給出了 3 個賽事的通知 ,其後的第 70 小題就是這方面的考查內容:If youwant to find something to do for Saturday afternoon ,which telephone number will you call ?總的來說 ,高考英語篇章閱讀理解試題對

考生提出了如下的能力要求:

1.豐富的英語詞語知識和鞏固、扎實、熟練的英語語法知識。

2.綜合運用各項英語基礎知識和閱讀技巧 ,進行快速閱讀、獲取信息的能力。

3.正確的閱讀方法、科學的閱讀技巧及合理的閱讀速度 達到大綱規定的要求 70 - 80wpm 。

4.正確分析認識文章結構 ,理解各段落、各層次之間的邏輯關系和表達的方法。

5.良好的學習品質 ,敏捷的思維活動 ,正確的思考習慣。要求學生善於捕捉信息 ,理解深刻 ,推導合理 ,判斷准確。

6.豐富的閱歷 ,廣博的知識 ,多樣的背景知識。

閱讀理解的能力要求 ,主要是通過短文後的多項選擇試題進行檢測的。總體來說 ,其能力要求內容主要包括如下幾個方面:a 理解作者的思想、觀點 ,意圖;b 理解主題思想 ,進行總結概括;c 理解文章中所提供的細節 ,其中包括詞義、句義和段落大意。d 透過表面文字 ,挖掘和理解文章的深層次含義。通過分析對比 ,總結歸納 ,推理判斷等諸項思維活動 ,推導隱含的寓意。從歷年的高考試題來看這種能力要求反映在多項選擇題中 ,可分為:1 認定事實 ,理解主題;2 理解文章中所提供的細節 ,綜合概括並推導結論;3 推理判斷 ,聯想猜測 ,辨別語氣;4 理解人物性格 ,識別圖形等。如果把這些試題的考查內容概括起來;基本上分為4 類試題: ①猜測詞義試題: ②理解認定事實試題 直接理解和語義轉換理解 ; ③歸納概括試題; ④推理判斷題。

二、歷年高考的閱讀理解分析

閱讀中的難點主要可以分為 3 類：生詞、長而復雜句子、英美文化障礙。

(1) 猜測生詞詞義：閱讀中碰到生詞時，首先應根據句子的意思判斷出此單詞的詞性及其感情色彩和其在句子中所充當的成分;然後根據我們平常所學的構詞法知識，聯繫上下文和平時積累的常識，來推測這個單詞的意義。並且猜測單詞時，沒有必要猜測出其准確的意義，只要能猜出其大概意義即可。

① 根據構詞法猜測詞義：我們所學過的構詞法主要有 3 種：派生法、轉化法和合成法。

Most seaweed is red and brown in color. (seaweed由sea與weed合成，意為“海草”)

Invariably the background was the same. (invariably由in + vary + able + ly 構成，意為“不可改變地”)

You’ll be punished if you desert rubbish everywhere. (desert 由名詞 desert 轉化而成，意為“丟棄”)

② 根據上下文的語境猜測詞義：我們可利用定義、解釋、重述、用途、同義詞、反義詞、同義結構、反義結構及邏輯關系來猜測單詞。

Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds. (由 devour 與後面動詞 kill的並列結構得知 devour 意為“毀壞”)

Wood and skins have easily rotted away, but stone doesn’t decay. (根據 but 的反義結構可知 decay 意為“腐爛”)

③ 根據常識猜測詞義：我們可根據所學的知識及生活經驗來猜測單詞。

His name was Napoleon Bonaparte, and he finally became Emperor of France. (由常識“拿破崙是法國的皇帝”可知 Emperor 意為“皇帝”)

Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport. (由句子的'意義可看出 alpinist 意為“把登山作為體育運動的人”)

(2) 分析理解長而難的句子：英語文章中，有時為了使表達准確、語言嚴謹，往往採用插入語、分隔結構、倒裝結構、同位結構、省略結構、分詞結構及 it 的句型再加上並列復合句、主從復合句，使句子很長而結構紛繁復雜，給閱讀理解帶來了很大的困難。然而，考生們不要慌張，對於這類句子應從句子的層次入手，先抓主句的主幹，即：主、謂、賓、補、狀，再理清其枝葉，即從句及其他修飾成分。如：

It is animals and plants that lived in or near water whose remains are most likely to be preserved, for one of the necessary conditions of preservation is quick burial, and it is only in the seas and rivers, and sometimes lakes, where mud and silt(淤泥) have been continuously deposited(沉積), that bodies and the like can be rapidly covered over and preserved.

這個句子是由 and 連接兩個強調句型的並列句。第 1 個並列句子的主句為：It is animals and plants that lived in or near water，它的後面帶了一個原因狀語從句：for one of the necessary conditions of preservation is quick burial，而句子中whose所引導的句子是一個定語從句，隔位修飾前面的animals and plants 而不是 water;第 2 個並列句子的主句為：it is only in the seas and rivers, and sometimes lakes that bodies and the like can be rapidly covered over and preserved，而 where 所引導的句子為定語從句，對前面的the seas and rivers, and sometimes lakes 進行修飾。

通過上面的分析，這個長而復雜的句子也就不難理解：那些它們的屍體很可能被保存起來的動物和植物正是生活在水邊或水裡，因為，被保存的一個必要條件就是被迅速掩埋;也只有在海里或河裡，有時在湖裡，這些地方由於泥沙不停地沉積，屍體及此類東西才很快被掩埋，從而得到保存。

(3) 消除英美文化障礙：雖然，對英美文化的了解是一個長時間的積累過程，但是，對於具體的文化障礙，我們可以從上下文的語境中去理解，或通過中西方文化的比較或用生活的常識加以分析理解。如：

These days, it is differences in national regulations, far more than tariffs that put sand in the wheels of trade between rich countries. (大家知道，自行車輪胎若粘滿了泥沙，車就不能前進，那麼，put sand in the wheels of trade 就意味著“阻礙貿易的進行”)

高考英語閱讀理解答題技巧

一、根據文體特徵，快速抓住要點

在上一節的知識必備中，我們講到了英語中各種不同文體的特徵。考生在英語考試中，就可以運用這方面的知識，根據文章的不同體裁的寫作方法，迅速提取文章的信息。

二、緊抓主題句，快速理解全文

無論是讀書，還是看報紙，我們首先見到的就是一篇文章的標題。標題往往是文章中心的高度濃縮;標題是一篇文章的綱，統帥全文。它是我們藉以了解文章的內容、作者的寫作目的和意圖的窗口。一般說來，我們只要讀懂了標題，就基本上把握了文章閱讀理解方向。

英語文章一般是按“總—分—總”這樣一種思路來寫的，也就是說，文章的第 1 句或第 2 句 多半為“總寫”，為文章的主題句(topic sentence)，後面的文字就圍繞它展開論述;而最後一句(尾句)或倒數第 2 句，就是在論述的基礎上進行總結，得出結論或發出感慨。同樣，往往每一段的第 1 句 又為這一段的主題句;末尾的句子又為這一段的結論。因此，在一定程度上考生可以從首尾句入手，推測全文的內容，從而迅速理解全文。當然，有些文章的主題句並不在句子的首、尾，而在文章的中間;有的文章甚至沒有主題句，這就要求考生靈活處理。

三、快速瀏覽全文，抓住事實和細節

事實是作者的思想和觀點的有力證據，是作者所寫文章的重要依據。而細節是使文章連成整體的主要手段，是使文章充滿活力的重要方式。換句話說，事實和細節是文章的血和肉。不論事件多麼驚人，也不論觀點如何新奇，若沒有事實和細節，這篇文章就顯得空洞無力。高考中，很多問題就是考查考生對事實和細節的把握，因此，考生在了解了文體特點和通過文章首尾句掌握了文章的中心和主要內容的基礎上，必須快速瀏覽全文，抓住文中的事實和細節。並且在瀏覽的過程中，考生應根據短文後面的問題和選項，將與之有關的事實和細節用筆一一畫出，且標明其題的序號，以便研究答題。

四、抓住相關詞語，快速弄清作者的思想

相關詞語分為兩大類：其一是關鍵詞，即名詞、動詞、數詞和形容詞等實詞，根據這些詞語就能夠看出句子或文章的主要內容;其二是信息詞，即情態動詞(may, must, can, have to等)，副詞(yet, however, therefore, otherwise，carefully, seriously 等)、連詞(but, while, though, if 等)等虛詞和短語(as if / though, on the contrary, by contrast, even if / though, in spite of 等)，根據這些詞語就能夠推斷出文章中人物的精神狀態或作者的目的、意圖、觀點、立場、態度及文章的邏輯關系。

五、研究 重點，突破難點

在閱讀過程中，碰到一些難以理解的問題，是非常正常的事情。這時，考生不必驚慌，而應冷靜頭腦，對問題進行認真分析、研究，從而進行難點突破。因為高考中的閱讀畢竟是一種信息性的閱讀，只要能提取正確的信息就足夠了，因此對於那些不影響閱讀的問題，就不必理會。只有當它們影響了對句子或文章的理解、特別是當它們影響問題的解決時，我們才在通讀全文的基礎上，對這些難點進行研究，加以分析、解決。

高考英語閱讀理解提分指導

一、如何備考

在考試前的最後幾個月里是綜合能力提高的關鍵時期。但是如果基礎知識仍然漏洞百出 ,就談不到綜合能力的提高。因此在最後的幾個月一定要兩手一起抓:

1 狠抓基礎

經過一段時間的復習 ,每個同學都對自己的英語學習有了基本估計 ,知道自己的薄弱點在什麼地方。之所以它們仍然是弱點 ,往往是因為害怕困難 ,不願意下大功夫去解決這個問題。外語的學習特點就是知識比較零碎 ,需要背和記的東西比較多 ,只要你肯下工夫 ,沒有學不會的。

2 加大閱讀的練習力度閱讀是語言的輸入過程 ,是學習的過程 ,是培養語感的過程。現在的高考命題一再強調加強對語篇的考查 ,因此閱讀理解的能力培養顯得尤為重要。

讀一些有一定難度的文章 ,在高考中遇到生詞多的文章就不會發慌 ,心態穩定是考試時正常發揮的關鍵。平時的閱讀中可以復習到課本上出現過的單詞 ,還可以學到這些單詞在不同的文章中的不同用法 ,為做其他題型的題目時打下基礎。因此做每一篇閱讀文章都需要達到兩個目的:一是通過做題調整做題思路;二是通過閱讀擴大詞彙量和掌握詞的靈活用法。胡國燕:北京市英語特級教師。北京實驗中學外語教研組長、西城區兼職教研員。曾榮獲北京市西城區教育系統先進工作者、西城區第一批中學外語科帶頭人、北京市市級中青年骨幹教師、全國優秀外語教師等光榮稱號。她撰寫的論文多次獲得市、區教育科研論文的一、二等獎。

二、如何提高閱讀理解成績

首先應該找出阻礙你正確理解文章的是什麼才能解決問題。可能成為閱讀理解障礙的有以下幾個問題:

a 單詞:單詞掌握不好 ,會影響對文章的理解 ,至少影響閱讀的速度。

b 句型不熟:高中學習的任務之一就是學會用不同的方法表示同樣的意思。

例如:

It’s time for class = It’s time to have class= It’s time that we have class.

Not all the students like sports = Not every student likes sports.

When he heard the cry for help ,he ran out immediately. = Hearing the cry for help , he dashed out. = On hearing the cry for help ,he ran out at once.

c長句子:有些同學從句掌握的不好 ,遇到長句子 ,尤其是從句中套從句的句子 ,讀起來比較困難。

如2000 年高考試題閱讀理解的第三篇:“Decision - think - ing is not unlike poker ──it often matters not only what you think ,but also what others you think and what you think they think you think.”在這一段 30 個詞的句子中think 出現了七次。往往需要讀幾遍才能讀懂這樣時間就用的比較多 ,在時間有限的情況下 ,就會出現沒有真正看懂而不得不做題的情況因此 ,抓好基礎知識的落實就顯得非常重要。

d 平時訓練:平時訓練對自己要有一定的要求。閱讀文章的長度 ,生詞量等方面應該與高考的要求基本一致。至少不能低於高考的難度。在閱讀的速度上也應從嚴要求自己 ,否則不可能在高考時正常發揮。

e 發現自己經常易犯的錯誤 ,有針對性地進行練習。

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③ 高三英語閱讀理解題及答案

高三英語閱讀理解題及答案

在高三的復習階段中，少不了“練”，下面我給大家准備了高三英語的閱讀理解練習以及答案，大家一起來學習一下吧!

第一篇：

In only two decades Asian Americans have become the fastest growing U.S.minority.As their children began moving up through the nation schools，it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging.Their achievements are reflected in the nation’s best universities，where mathematics，science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character.This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian­American students who began their ecation abroad arrived in the U.S.with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English.They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college.Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more objectively.And the return on the investment in ecation is more immediate in something like engineering than with an arts degree.

Most Asian­American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage of what the American ecational system has to offer.An effective measure of parental attention is homework.Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do，and it helps.Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that makes success，such as ideals that stress family values and emphasize ecation.

Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial image.Many can remember when Chinese，Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation(隔離).Indeed，it was not until 1952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.

1.With making outstanding achievements at college，Asian­American students ________.

A.feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of English

B.are afraid that their academic successes are not recognized

C.still worry about unfair treatment in society for their origin

D.generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents

2.What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian Americans?

A.A solid foundation in basic mathematics and Asian culture.

B.Hard work and intelligence.

C.Parents’ help and a limited knowledge of English.

D.Asian culture and the American ecational system.

3.Few Asian American students major in human sciences mainly because ________.

A.their English is not good enough

B.they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areas

C.there is a wide difference between Asian and Western cultures

D.they know little about American culture and society

4.Why do “both explanations”(Para.3) worry Asian Americans?

A.They are afraid that they appear of typical Asian characteristics.

B.People will think that Asian students rely on their parents for success.

C.Asian Americans will be a threat to other minorities.

D.Americans fear the academic achievements made by Asian Americans.

5.Before 1952 in America，________.

A.Asian Americans could not be academically successful

B.there were few immigrants from East and Southeast Asia

C.immigrants were not equally treated by Asian Americans

D.immigrants from East and Southeast Asia were looked down upon

第二篇：

Have you ever wondered why you sometimes take an almost immediate liking to a person you have just met? We often get the first impression of a people based on the color of a person’s skin or the manner in which he or she dressed. Meaning is conveyed not only by words or verbal languages but also by nonverbal communication systems, such as body behaviors.

Nonverbal communication is important because we use the actions of others to learn about their affective emotional states .Our emotions are reflected in our posture, face, and eyes—be it fear, joy, anger, or sadness—so we can express them without ever saying a word .For this reason, most of us rely heavily on what we learn through our eyes.

Nonverbal communication is significant in human interaction because it is usually responsible for the first impressions. More importantly, those first messages usually influence the perception(感知) of everything else that follows. Even how we select friends and sexual partners is grounded in first impressions with nonverbal communication.

Nonverbal communication is important because it is culture-related. It is based on different beliefs, religions, values and customs in different cultures. When, where, how, and to whom people display his or her specific nonverbal behaviors is greatly affected by culture and context. Culture determines what the appropriate nonverbal behavior is. For example, feelings of friendship exist everywhere but their expression varies. It may be appropriate in some countries for man to embrace each other and for women to hold hands; in other countries these displays of affection may be shocking. Each culture has its own specific interpretation on nonverbal communication. What is acceptable in one culture may be completely unacceptable in another. One culture may determine that snapping fingers to call a waiter is acceptable; another may consider this gesture rude.

1. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Nonverbal communication and first impression

B. Nonverbal communication is culture-related

C. Nonverbal and verbal communication

D. The importance of nonverbal communication

2. We can know a person’s feeling through our eyes because_________.

A. we can see a person’s feeling on his face.

B. a person’s emotions can be reflected through eyes.

C. a person’s feeling can be reflected through his body languages

D. we can see a person’s feeling through his posture

3. Which of the following statements is not True?

A. Meaning can be conveyed both by words and body language.

B. We can use nonverbal communication to learn about a person’s emotional states.

C. We often get the first impression by what a person says.

D. The first impression can affect what we will do in the following.

4. How many reasons are mentioned in the text to show nonverbal communication is important?

A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D.5

5. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?

A. we can use different ways to express friendship

B. each culture has its own specific interpretation on nonverbal communication

C. snapping fingers to call a waiter is acceptable

D. learning a country’s culture is very important.

>>>>>>參考答案<<<<<<

第一篇：

【解題導語】 在短短二十年的時間里，亞裔美國人就成了增長最快的少數民族。他們的孩子學習成績優異，這可能與他們的家教有關，然而正是這讓家長擔心他們所培養出的典型種族形象會招致社會隔離。

1.解析：細節推斷題。文章第三段第一句明確指出，他們擔心具有典型的種族形象也就是與眾不同。下面又說到亞裔移民以前是社會隔離的犧牲品。因此C項 “仍然擔心社會的不公正對待” 為正確答案。

答案：C

2.解析：細節理解題。亞裔美國人成功的主要因素是數學基礎堅實，亞洲文化歷來重視教育。文章前兩段分析了亞裔學生主要在理工科方面學業突出的原因，即有堅實的'數學基礎和父母的言傳身教。B項也是成功的因素之一，但文章並未提到;C項中 “a limited knowledge of English” 不是主要原因;D項中的 “the American ecational system” 為所有學生提供的機會是均等的，不是亞裔學生成功的根本原因。

答案：A

3.解析：細節理解題。亞裔學生很少主修人文科學是因為擔心會受到不公平對待。根據文章第一段倒數第二句 “Asians feel...like mathematics and science because...more objectively” 可推斷，對人文科學成就的評價帶有主觀因素，因而更容易受到不公正對待。選項A、C、D並不是主要原因。

答案：B

4.解析：從最後一段判斷，亞裔美國學生擔心自己的突出成就會使自己再次成為社會孤立的對象，這是因為他們的成功是按照亞洲人的教育方式以及受到父輩影響所取得的，被深深地打上了亞洲文化特徵的烙印。因此選項A為正確答案。

答案：A

5.解析：細節推斷題。文章最後說，直到1952年政府才頒布法律承認所有亞洲移民的公民資格，才享受平等的待遇。至於說當時亞裔人沒有學術上的成功、當時移民少都是毫無根據的。

答案：D

第二篇：

【答案解析】

1. D

根據第二、三、四段的首句可知本文所講述的主要內容。

2. C

根據文中第二段可知答案。

3. C

根據文中第三段可知C項錯誤。

4. B

文中二、三、四段為原因。

5. B

本段所舉的例子都證明了B項，再則根據本段第一句也可推出答案。

;

④ 求：2009重慶高考卷英語閱讀理解E的翻譯

最近的一項研究表明，盡管人們對科學持普遍樂觀態度，但同時也表明人們普遍擔心它可能「失控」。這個想法很危險。
科學可以是為善的力量，也可以是邪惡的力量。科學可以應用於這兩者中的任何方面，這要靠我們的抉擇而定。我們作出的決定，無論是個人的還是集體的，都將決定科學的歸宿。但此處確有危險。科學發展如此之快，且受到商業的影響如此之強烈，我們很可能相信，無論我們做出什麼決定，都幾乎無濟於事。與其力爭採取可能的最好策略，我們有可能退後而無所作為。
有些人走得甚至更遠。他們說，盡管道德和法律所不容，任何科學上可能做到事，在某個地方，在某個時候，終究都會被做出來。他們相信科學最終會失去控制。這種信念也是危險的，因為它加劇了無望的情緒，打消了他們努力來建設一個更安全世界的念頭。
在我們的這個相互聯系的世界裡，科學界內部以及關於科學界缺乏共識，可能導致對科學的應用失去控制。如果不能達成共識，本世紀對科學加以「控制」的挑戰將是非常嚴峻的。以克隆人為例。盡管科學家們就其對傳統道德價值觀可能產生的巨大影響達成了普遍的共識，但有一些國家仍然繼續進行研究並發展相關的技術。最終的後果難以預料。
因此，關於如何應用科學的討論應該擴展至遠超科學團體以外之處。只有通過滿懷希望的人們的共同努力，我們才能完全安全地抵制科學的濫用，將來科學才能更好地為人類服務。

⑤ 關於科學的英語文章

True science hero
-愛因斯坦

"Peace cannot be achieved through violence, it can only be attained through understanding." Albert Einstein
「靠暴力不會得到和平，只能靠相互理解」-愛因斯坦
Albert Einstein is a true science hero, not only because of his genius and physics theories, but also because of his philosophy and compassion for the universe and its creatures.
愛因斯坦是科學英雄，不僅表現在物理學上，更在於他對宇宙萬物的同情和哲理上。。

Einstein's groundwork in physics made possible technology as we know it today, from the space shuttle to the Internet we're using right now.
我們今天享受愛因斯坦的理論成果，從宇宙飛船到網路。。。
It may also be said that his work led to the development of nuclear warfare.
Einstein once said: 「I made one mistake in my life when I signed that letter to President Roosevelt advocating that the atomic bomb should be built. ......"
Einstein himself is a peaceful man.
有人說他導致了核武器的產生。。
愛因斯坦曾經說過，『我一生最大的錯誤就是提出核武建議。。「
愛因斯坦本人是個愛和平的人。
On April 18, 1955, Albert Einstein, one of the greatest natural philosophers of all time, died, leaving behind a legacy of thought-provoking scientific theories.
1955年4月18日，偉大的科學英雄，人類跨時代的偉大的自然哲學家，永別人世！！！
Everything about Einstein,
his smile,他的笑容
his voice,聲音
quotes and 格言
his passion,熱情
still exist in my mind!
始終存在於我的腦海之中！！！！

⑥ 大學英語閱讀理解題及解答

大學英語閱讀理解題及解答

下面是我給大家提供的大學四級的英語閱讀理解題以及答案解析，有興趣的朋友可以練習一下哦!

第一篇：

Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and in many cases, a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated indivial, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position.

Sufficient buoyancy(浮力) to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hours in the water, and it should be reliable even after long period of storage. Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, and it should be not easily set on fire.?The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.

The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, and self-evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused conditions, which follow a disaster. Thus, the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearers, since this greatly affects the position of floating and the self-righting qualities. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim.

1. The passage is mainly about____.

A) the uses of life preservers

B) the design of life preservers

C) the materials for life preservers

D) the buoyancy of life preservers

2. According to the passage, a life be first of all ____.

A) adjustable B) comfortable C) self-evident D) self-righting

3. United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to be made ____.

A) with as few strings as possible

B) capable of being worn on both sides

C) according to each wearer's size

D) comfortable and light to wear

4. By “the uninitiated indivial” (Para. 1, Line. 4) the author refers to the person ____.

A) who has not been instructed how to use a life preserver

B) who has a little experience in using a life preserver

C) who uses a life preserver without permission

D) who becomes nervous before a disaster

5. What would happen if a person were supported by the life preserver in a wrong position?

A) The waves would move him backwards.

B) The water would choke him.

C) He would immediately sink to the bottom.

D) He would be exhausted or unconscious.

第二篇：

The table before which we sit may be, as the scientist maintains, composed of dancing atoms, but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms but a solid and motionless object that we live. So remote is this “real” table——and most of the other “realities” with which science deals——that it cannot be discussed in terms which have any human value, and though it may receive our purely intellectual credence it cannot be woven into the pattern of life as it is led, in contradistinction to life as we attempt it. Vibrations in the ether(以太) are so totally unlike the color, purple that the gulf between them cannot be bridged, and they are, to all intents and purposes，not one but two separate things of which the second and less “real” must be the most significant for us. And just as the sensation which has led us to attribute all objective reality to a non-existent thing which we called “purple”is more important for human life than the conception of vibrations of a certain frequency; so too the belief in God; however ill founded, has been more important in the life of man than the germ theory of true the latter may be.

We may, if we like, speak of consequence, as certain mystics love to do, of the different levels or orders of truth. We may adopt what is essentially a Platonistic (布拉圖式的) trick of thought and insist upon postulating the existence of external realities which correspond to the needs and modes of human feeling and which, so we may insist, have their being in some part of the universe unreachable by science. But to do so is to make an unwarrantable assumption and to be guilty of the metaphysical fallacy of failing to distinguish between a truth of feeling and that other sort of truth which is described as “truth of correspondence” and it is better perhaps, at least for those of us who have grown up in thought, to steer clear of such confusions and to rest content with the admission that, though the universe with which science deals is the real universe, yet we do not and cannot have any but fleeting and imperfect contacts with it; that the most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires and aspirations-take place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.

1. The author suggests that in order to bridge the puzzling difference between scientific truth and the world of illusion, the reader should____.

A) try to rid himself of his world of illusion

B) accept his words as being one of illusion

C) apply the scientific method

D) learn to acknowledge both

2. Judging from the ideas and tone of the selection, one may reasonably guess that the author is ____.

A) a humanist B) a pantheist C) a nuclear physicist D) a doctor of medicine

3. According to this passage, a scientist would conceive of a “table” as being ____.

A) a solid motionless object

B) certain characteristic vibrations in “ether”

C) a form fixed in space and time

D) a mass of atoms in motion

4. The topic of this selection is____.

A) the distortion of reality by science

B) the confusion caused by emotions

C) Platonic and contemporary views of truth

D) the place of scientific truth in our lives

5. By “objective reality” (Last line, Para. 1) the author means____.

A) scientific reality

B) a symbolic existence

C) the viewer's experience

D) reality colored by emotion

>>>>>>答案與解析<<<<<<

第一篇：

1. B

文章主要講述了救生衣的設計。間接題型段首主旨題。C項和D項都是對救生衣設計中設計材料的說明。A項為陷阱，指救生衣的用途，盡管開頭提到，但范圍不著邊際。故只有B是正確選項。

2. D

根據文章，救生衣首先會自動扶正。事實細節題。本文第三段主要討論救生衣落水位置，應設計的能“自動扶正”,或稍向後仰。B項是對材料的描述，范圍太窄，而A和C不合題意，因此D是正確答案。

3. C

美國海岸巡邏隊不需要救生衣根據穿戴者的尺寸生產。事實細節題。A項和B項都涉及method，其相關部分見最後一段第三句，A，B，D三項都是文章中提及的，C項與本題無關的'內容，因此應該選C。

4. A

“the uninitiated indivial”作者指的是不知道怎麼使用救生衣的人。語義指代題。根據文章最後一段第一句，我們可推出“the uninitiated indivial”就是指的那些不知道怎麼使用救生衣的人。故A是正確選項。

5. D

如果一個人沒有正確使用救生衣，就會發生什麼?細節辨別題。第三段第一句後半句中a face-down position和本題中的 in a wrong position相對應。因此選項D“他可能太累了或者是已經失去知覺”是正確答案。

第二篇：

1. B

作者暗示為了聯系起科學世界和虛幻世界的不同點，把他的話當作一種假相。間接題型段尾結論題。根據第二段最後一句話，我們可推出B是正確答案。

2. A

由文章的觀點及語氣可推知作者是人文主義者。暗示推斷題。文中第一段第一句後半句提到“...but a solid and motionless object that we live”由此我們可以推出該作者是一位人文主義者。

3. D

根據文章，科學家相信“table”就是一群運動的原子。直接題型語義指代題。根據第一段第一 句的前半句“...but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms ...”我們可推出D是正確答案。

4. D

文章的主題為生活中科學真理的地位。段首主旨題。從第二段最後一句後半句“...that the most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires and aspirations-takes place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.”我們可以推斷出本文只要講了科學真理在現實生活中的地位。因而答案應選D。

5. A

對於作者，“objective reality”意味著科學現實。語義指代題。根據文章最後一段，我們可得知“objective reality”即科學現實的意思，因而，答案應該選A。

;

⑦ 高考英語閱讀理解試題附答案

高考英語閱讀理解試題附答案

做英語閱讀理解題的時候不能只是做，還要學會分析和總結。為了幫助大家，我分享了一些閱讀理解試題，希望能對大家有所幫助!

高考英語閱讀理解試題【1】

Very few people were coming to eat at the White Rose Restaurant, and its owner did not know what to do. The price was reasonable and the food was of good quality, but nobody seemed to want to eat there.

Then he did something that changed all that, and in a few weeks his restaurant is always full of men with their lady friends. Whenever a gentleman came in with a lady, a smiling waiter gave each of them a menu(菜單), The menu looked exactly the same on the outside, but there was an important difference inside. The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. while the menu that he gave to the lady supplied a much higher price! So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous(慷慨) than he really was.

41. Why didn’t people come to the White Rose Restaurant to eat at first?

A. Because the price was high.

B. Because the food was too cheap.

C. Because the food was not good.

D. The passage didn’t mention.

42. According to the passage we can conclude that the people who eat at this restaurant are mostly _______________.

A. poor old people B. rich young people

C. men with their girl friends D. parents with their children

43. The difference between the two kinds of menu lie in ______________.

A. the color B. the shape

C. the price D. the food

44. According to the passage we can infer that when men with their girl friends eat at this restaurant, the food was paid ___________________.

A. always by the ladies only

B. always by the men only

C. sometimes by the ladies

D. either by the men or by the ladies

45. According to the passage we can know that, generally speaking, ____________.

A. men are more generous than women

B. women are more generous than men

C. men like their lady friends to be generous.

D. women like their men friends to be generous

【答案與解析】 41—45 DCCBD

A篇：本文主要講述: 盡管 White Rose 餐館價錢合理，飯菜也好，但很少有人光顧，店主為此想出了一條妙計，從此餐館生意興隆。

41. D。推理判斷題。根據第一自然段可知原文沒有說人們為什麼不到餐館就餐，所以答案為D。

42. C。細節理解題。根據第二自然段第1句 …his restaurant is always full of men with their lady friends 可知答案為 C。

43. C。細節理解題。根據第二自然段 The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. While…the lady supplied a much higher price 可知答案為 C。

44. B。推理判斷題。根據最後一句 So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous than he really was 可推斷出答案為B。

45. D。推理判斷題。根據原文可知侍者給男士的那個菜單價格合理，而給女士的那個菜單價格卻很高，但兩種菜單表面上看卻一樣，這樣女士就會認為她們的男友很大方，因此餐館的這種做法很受男士歡迎，由此可知女人們喜歡自己的男友大方。所以答案為 D。

高考英語閱讀理解試題【2】

When you look at yourself in the mirror, do you ever wonder why you look the way you do? Do you also wonder what biological processes were at work to shape your face, which is as indivial and unique as a fingerprint?

The answer is in a little piece of your DNA called a gene enhancer(增強片段),according to scientists at Berkeley Lab. These little pieces6 of DNA help switch on or boost the expression of specific genes, that control the development of the face and head before birth. What's interesting about these little influential bits of DNA is that a gene enhancer doesn't have to be found anywhere close to the genes and, in some cases, doesn't even have to be located on the same chromosome.

Of course, there are a number of hereditary(遺傳) factors which help determine appearance, for example, a child resembles a parent. The researchers, who outlined their findings in the journal Science, said the gene enhancer adjusts the genes to give your face its final unique look. Even with look similar but are not exactly the same in appearance.

"Our results suggest that there are thousands of enhancers in the human genome that are involved in facial development," said Axel Visel, a geneticist with Berkeley Lab's Genomics Division, who led the research. "We don't know yet what all of these enhancers do, but we do know that they are out there and they are important for facial development."

Scientists have previously been able to identify some of the genetic faults that can cause birth defects, such as a cleft lip(兔唇), but haven't been able to fully understand what genetic factors are responsible for subtle differences in appearance.

26. The author put forward two questions at the beginning of the passage to ________.

A. expect readers to answer them

B. carry out a survey among readers

C. start a discussion among readers

D. draw readers attention to the topic

27. From Paragraph 3, we know that________.

A. identical twins look similar but not exactly the same

B. hereditary factors determine our appearance completely

C. a child resembles a parent because of afterbirth factors

D. the gene enhancer is something useless and unimportant

28. The underlined word "subtle" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to"___________".

A. not a little

C. not small B. not a bit D. not obvious

29. According to the passage, which statement is NOT true?

A. A cleft lip is a kind of birth defects which are caused by genetic faults.

B. Genetic faults can not be identified and fully understood with today's technology.

C. Gene enhancers have something to do with the facial development according to the research

D. The relation between genetic factors and subtle differences in appearance remains a mystery.

30. Which part of a website is the passage probably taken from?

A. Culture.

C. Science.

B. Opinion. D. Business.

【參考答案】26-30 DADBC

你照鏡子的時候，曾想過為什麼會是這個樣子嗎?你還想過什麼生物過程在起作用使你的臉像指紋一樣與眾不同嗎?

26. D。作者意圖題。通讀全文及第一段可知答案。27. A。細節理解題。從第三段最後兩句Even with identical twins, there are subtle differences in appearance. Identical twins Linda and Terry Jamison look similar but are not exactly the same in appearance.可知答案。

28. D。詞義猜測題。從第三段最後一句Identical twins Linda and Terry Jamison look similar but are not exactly the same in appearance.可知即便是十分相像的雙胞胎，外貌上也是有很細微的'差別的。

29. B。細節理解題。從最後一段的Scientists have previously been able to identify...but haven’t been able to fully understand...可知答案。

30. C。推理判斷題。該短文是科普文章，故要到網站的科學信息部分才能讀到。

高考英語閱讀理解試題【3】

Grown- ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.

One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.

In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star”and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.

The multiplication tables (乘法口訣表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突擊學習) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development.

1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?

A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.

B. Children have a better memory than grown- ups

C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.

D. Stories for children are easy to remember. 2. The author explains the law of overlearning by.

A. presenting research findings

B. setting down general rules

C. making a comparison

D. using examples

3. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is

A. a result of overlearning

B. a special case of cramming

C. a skill to deal with math problems

D. a basic step towards advanced studies

4. What is the author’s opinion on cramming?

A. It leads to failure in college exams.

B. It’s helpful only in a limited way.

C. It’s possible to result in poor memory. D. It increases students’learning interest.

【參考答案】ADAB

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⑧ 六年級英語閱讀理解短文

六年級英語閱讀理解在考試中佔有非常大的分值，所以，學好六年級英語閱讀理解，將會大大提高同學們的英語考試成績，今天小編就為各位準備了幾篇，關於六年級英語閱讀理解的中英對照版短文。
六年級英語閱讀理解中英對照版短文第一部分
讀書之樂
Reading is a pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport: your eagerness and knowledge and quickness make you a good reader. Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author's or even goes beyond his. Your experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as you understand his.
Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city. Although they are separate, together they all add up to something; they are connected with each other and with other cities. The same ideas, or related ones, turn up in different places; the human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literature, but with different solutions according to different writings at different times.
Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on books somebody tells you "ought" to read, you probably won't have fun. But if you put down a book you don't like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will almost certainly have a good time--and if you become as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you won'悶讓t have suffered ring the process.
讀書是愉悅心智之事。在這一點上它與運動頗為相似:一個優秀的讀者必須要有熱情、有知識、有速度。讀書之樂並非在於作者要告訴你什麼，而在於它促使你思考。你跟隨作者一起想像，有時你的想像甚至會超越作譽罩慶者的。把自己的體驗與作者的相互比較，你會得出相同或者不同的結論。在理解作者想法的同時，也形成了自己的觀點。
每一本書都自成體系，就像一家一戶的住宅，而圖書館里的藏書好比城市裡千家萬戶的居所。盡管它們都相互獨立，但只有相互結合才有意義。家家戶戶彼此相連，城市與城市彼此相依。相同或相似的思想在不同地方涌現。人類生慶握活中反復的問題也在文學中不斷重現，但因時代與作品的差異，答案也各不相同。
如果你希望的話，讀書也能充滿樂趣。倘若你只讀那些別人告訴你該讀之書，那麼你不太可能有樂趣可言。但如果你放下你不喜歡的書，試著閱讀另外一本，直到你找到自己中意的，然後輕輕鬆鬆的讀下去，差不多一定會樂在其中。而且，當你通過閱讀變得更加優秀，更加善良，更加文雅時，閱讀便不再是一種折磨。
六年級英語閱讀理解中英對照版短文第二部分
給予
Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving-away makes life so much more exciting. You need not worry if you lack money. This is how I experimented with giving-away. If an idea for improving the window display of a neighborhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper. One discovery I made about giving-away is that it is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in an unexpected form. One Sunday morning the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post-office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard our conversation. “Wasn’t it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home?” I said yes. “Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don’t know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.”
像大多數人，我長大看待生命是一個過程獲得。直到我在30月底，我作出這一重要發現：給予，距離使我們的生活如此更令人興奮的。您不必擔心如果缺乏資金。這是我嘗試讓-消失。如果一個主意，可以改善窗口顯示一個閃爍附近商店給我，我的步驟，並提出上述建議的倉庫保管員。一發現我付出，離開是，它幾乎是不可能放棄任何在這個世界上，沒有得到回報，盡管返回往往在一個意想不到的形式。一個星期天上午，當地郵局作了重要特別的遞送信件到我家裡，但給我在我的辦公室。我寫了一份說明郵政的贊賞。一年多後，我需要一個後Office中的一個新的業務，我開始。我被告知的窗口，沒有框的左邊，我的名字將不得不在很長的等候名單。當我正准備離開，郵政出現在門口。他聽到我們的交談。 “是不是你，我們該信中寫道：一年前為客戶提供一份特別的遞送到您的家? ”我說是的。 “嘿，你肯定將會有一個盒子在這個郵政局如果我們要取得一個適合您。你不知道什麼樣的信，這意味著給我們。我們通常會只是投訴。題目的答案：ACBCD，題目不祥。
六年級英語閱讀理解中英對照版短文第三部分
電視節目
Television gives the American people a wide variety of programs from early morning until late at night. Operas, orchestral performances, chamber music and jazz concerts are often presented on television. So most of the leisure at home is used for watching television. Many Americans are so fond of their TV programs that they often have cold luncheon in front of their receiving sets. Television has given people newer and deeper understanding of history, art, music, literature, the ballet, the theater, the discoveries of modern science and the wonders of the universe. Television viewers pay no tax or charges for receiving programs on their sets. The cost of the programs is paid chiefly by those who are given the opportunity to advertise their goods or services ring the commercial breaks.
美國人從清晨直到深夜都能看到形形色色的電視節目。電視屏幕上經常播放歌劇、管弦樂、室內音樂和爵士音樂演奏。所以家庭中大部分空閑時間都花在看電視上。許多美國人酷愛電視節目，經常在電視機前邊看電視邊吃冷餐。電視使人們對歷史、藝術、音樂、文學、舞劇、戲劇、現代科學的新發現和宇宙的奧妙有較新和較深切的了解。電視觀眾看電視節目既不用繳稅，也不必付款，節目費用主要是由那些藉此為其商品和服務做插播廣告的人支付的。
以上這三篇，六年級英語閱讀理解中英對照版短文，希望同學們好好學習理解，爭取全部都背誦下來。學好這份六年級英語閱讀理解中英對照版短文，不但會提高你英語的考試成績，對你的英文寫作也會非常有幫助。