英語高考閱讀題類

1. 高考英語閱讀理解試題及答案分享

高考英語閱讀理解試題及答案分享

高考英語閱讀文章使用的語言都較為正式，結構復雜的長句及省略和插入語等較復雜的`語言現象在文章中隨處可見。影響了考生對文章內容的理解和判斷。為了幫助大家備考高考英語，我整理了一些高考英語閱讀理解，希望能幫到大家!

高考英語閱讀理解【1】

Why do we have in a camera a lens(鏡頭)instead of a simple hole?

The reason can be seen from the figures(圖像).

In Figure 1, the hole is small. Rays of light from a point (P1)outside reach a very small part of the wall opposite, and we see there a small point. But when the hole is bigger, as in Figure 2, rays from the point(P2)can cover a larger part of the wall opposite, and we don’t see a clear point, Rays from other points(Q) outside can also fall on the same place inside. Therefore the picture is not clear when the hole is big and it is not bright when the hole is small because very very little light can pass through it.. We can get better result with a lens. If the lens is made in the shape shown in Figure 3, all the rays of light from the point(P3) are thrown on point(P’) inside. The picture which we see, therefore, is clear, and it is also bright because more light can pass through a lens than through a small hole.

1. In Figure 1 we see a faint small point on the wall because .

A. the point(P1) is very small B. the hole isn’t big enough

C. light rays don’t travel in straight lines D. light rays can’t pass through a small hole

2. Figure 2 shows that the bigger the hole is, .

A. the more light can pass through B. the clearer the picture will be

C. the better result we will get D. the faster the light rays travel

3. From figure 3, we can see a lens .

A. can form a clear picture B. can make light go in a straight line

C. can help light rays to go faster D. cannot give the picture more light than in Fig. 2

4. The main idea of the second paragraph of the article is that .

A. a smaller hole is better than a bigger one

B. big holes are better than small ones

C. both a big hole and a small one have their weak points

D. light rays are sure to pass through a hole no matter it is big or small

5. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Light can go through all kinds of materials

B. A camera can’t be made without a lens

C. The lens is only used in a camera

D. Most of the light we get is from the lens

高考英語閱讀理解【2】

Overhead bridges are found in many parts of Beijing, especially in places where traffic is very heavy and crossing the road is dangerous.

The purpose of these bridges is to enable pedestrians (行人) to cross roads safely. Overhead bridges are used to very much the same way as zebra crossings. They are more efficient (效率高的) although less convenient because people have to climb up a long flight of steps. This is inconvenient especially to older people. When pedestrains use an overhead bridge, they do not hold up traffic. However, when they cross a busy road using a zebra crossing, traffic is held up. This is why the government has built many overhead bridges to help pedestrians and to keep traffic moving at the same time.

The government of Beijing has spent a large amount of money on building these bridges. For their own safety, pedestrians should be encouraged to use them instead of risking (冒…危險) their lives by dashing across the road. Old people , however , may find it a little difficult climbing up and down the steps, but it is still much safer than walking across the road with all the danger of moving traffic.

Overhead bridges serve a very useful purpose. Pedestrians, both old and young, should make it a habit to use them. This will prevent unnecessary accidents and loss of life.

1. What is the advantage of overhead bridges mentioned in this passage?

A. Taller trucks can pass under them.

B. Pedestrians can climb up and have a view of the city.

C. They are safer for pedestrians and can keep traffic moving at the same time.

D. They are easier and more convenient for the pedestrians.

2. Why were overhead bridges built in Beijing?

A. Because they prevent traffic from being held up.

B. Because they provide an easy way for the drivers to cross the road.

C. Because they save money for the government.

D. Because they save time for the pedestrians.

2. 高考英語閱讀理解專項訓練附答案解析

閱讀理解試題是高考英語試卷中分值最重的題型，因此做好閱讀理解題是考取高分的關鍵，考生在備考階段需要加強閱讀理解的訓練。下面我為大家帶來，希望對大家的的高考英語備考有所幫助。

英語閱讀理解專項訓練原文

The easy way out isn't always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat Doug, myhu *** and of one month, to a special meal. I glanced through my cook book and chose a menuwhich included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time. I started on it as soon asDoug left for work. As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, twodozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Doug loved oranges, I also opened a can oforange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was a sticky dough covered with uglyyellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so Iwouldn't have to face Doug laughing at my work. I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and,when Doug got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal butseemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. Thethird time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing. Looking out, I saw Dougstanding about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and lookinginto the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained thatthere was something alive in out rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid upenough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder. Without doubt it wa *** y work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the fermenting yeast***酵母***made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing. I had to admit what the livingthing was and why it was there. I don't know who was more embarrassed***尷尬*** by the wholething—Doug or me.

英語閱讀理解專項訓練試題：

1. The writer's purpose in writing this story is ________.

A. to tell an interesting experience

B. to show the easiest way out of a difficulty

C. to describe the trouble facing a newly married woman

D. to explain the difficulty of learning to cook from books

2. Why did the woman's attempt at making the bread turn out to be unsuccessful?

A. The canned orange had gone bad.

B. She didn't use the right kind of flour.

C. The cookbook was hard to understand.

D. She did not follow the directions closely.

3. Why did the woman put the dough in the rubbish bin?

A. She didn't see the use of keeping it.

B. She meant to joke with her hu *** and.

C. She didn't want her hu *** and to see it.

D. She hoped it would soon dry in the sun.

4. What made the dough in the bin looks frighting?

A. The rising and falling movement.

B. The strange-looking marks.

C. Its shape.

D. Its size.

5. When Doug went out the third time, the woman looked out of the window becauseshe was ________.

A. surprised at his being interested in the bin

B. afraid that he would discover her secret

C. unhappy that he didn't enjoy the meal

D. curious to know what disturbed him

英語閱讀理解專項訓練答案解析：

1. A。通讀文章後，可知作者寫這篇文章的目的，是想讓人知道她這段有趣的經歷，故應選A。

2. D。文中提及：As I was not experienced in cooking I thought if a dozen was good, two dozenwould be better 和 As Doug loved orange, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all intothe bowl，可知這位家庭主婦***即作者***並未按烹調指南行事，故應選 D。

3. C。作者在意識到自己製做麵包失敗時，put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn'thave to face Doug laughing at my work, 故應選C。

4. A。這是對句意和細節理解的題目。文中提及：The hot sun had caused the dough to double in sizeand the fermenting yeast made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing, 故應選A。

5. D。文中提及：... the third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing. 可知作者在吃飯時就看出丈夫心煩意亂，頻繁出去。當丈夫第三次出去時，作者不知道丈夫出去干什麼，出於好奇，就到窗邊去看。

3. 高考英語閱讀理解專項訓練題

在英語考試中，閱讀理解占據著重要的位置。下面是我網路整理的以供大家學習。

一

「Linda, if beating yourself up were an Olympic sport, you』d win a gold medal!」

Annabel, my close friend, stunned me with that frank observation after I told her how I had mishandled a situation with a student in a third-grade class where I was substituting. 「I should never have let him go to the boy』s room without a pass! It was my fault he got into trouble with the hall monitor! I』m so stupid!」

My friend burst out laughing, and then made her 「Olympic」 ment. After a brief period of reflection I had to admit that she was right. I did put myself down an awful lot. Why, just ring the previous day I had called myself 「a slob」 for having some papers spread out on my desk, 「ugly」 when I left the house without makeup and 「an idiot」 when I left the house for an emergency substitute job without my emergency lesson plan.

In a more reflective tone, Annabel said, 「I once took a workshop at church where the woman in charge had us list all the mean things we say about ourselves.」

「How many did you have on your list?」 I asked.

「Fifteen,」 she confessed. 「But then the teacher said, 『Now turn to the person next to you and say all the items on your list as if you were speaking to that person!』 」

My jaw dropped. 「What did you do?」

「Nothing. Nobody did. We all just sat there, until I said, 『I could never say these things to anyone else!』 」

「And our teacher replied, 『Well, if you can』t say them to anyone else, then don』t ever say them to yourself!』 」

My friend had a point. I would never insult a child of God---and I』m God』s child, too!

God, today let me be as kind to myself as I would be to another of Your children.

1. What does Annabel mean by the first sentence of the passage?

A. The writer is a good athlete. B. The writer scolds herself too much.

C. She is encouraging the writer. D. A gold medal is not a big deal.

2. What does the writer intends to tell us through the second and third paragraphs?

A. She has low self-esteem over some *** all things.

B. She often makes serious mistakes in daily life.

C. She is a third-grade teacher.

D. She cares too much about her appearance.

3. We can infer that the underlined word 「slob」 might be _____.

A. something untidy B. someone dangerous

C. something dirty D. someone lazy

4. What does the writer mean by the last sentence of the passage?

A. She is ready to turn to God for help.

B. She will be kind to all children.

C. She won』t insult herself as well as others.

D. She is willing to be a child of God.

答案：

1-4 BADC

二

Nowadays, people in China are increasingly interested in celebrating foreign festivals, especially those western festivals.

A survey concted recently by sina. showed that among the 18,222 people surveyed 63.90% said celebrating Christmas is just another way of recreation, nothing serious, while 17.85% surveyed considered the festival as a fashion act, showing they were not 「out」. These two parts clearly indicate the general opinion of the young. 10.45% people involved said the celebration of a religious western festival with so much enthusia *** is absolutely ridiculous pursuit of foreign goodness. Only 7.80% of the people define Christmas as a kind of festival colonization殖民.

The arising of celebrating foreign festivals clearly has something to do with the advancement of China』s economy. In my point of view, Christmas and other festivals celebrated in China have difference from the origin. They have lost their religious background and turned into a big occasion to have fun and enjoy life. Shop owners』 pockets are filled, the public』s hunger for happiness is filled, and that is enough. Foreign festivals in China are more like carnivals giving people pleasure and enjoyment.

The crisis危機 of traditional Chinese festivals that are losing their attraction may be linked to the culture tradition and background of the festivals. Most Chinese festival culture is related more or less to real life. 「The country is based on its people while the people are relied on their food」.

But the western culture shows much of romance. Some festivals have their religious background while others have much to do with culture and people. At this point, food seems to be too plain. Flowers and chocolates are more weled.

Foreign festivals in China today are celebrated for fun. They give people opportunities to relax and celebrate, to show appreciation and gratefulness. The acceptance of foreign festivals generally depends on the openness of the public, the familiarity with the western culture, and most importantly, on people』s economic status.

5.From the survey we know that among the people surveyed ______.

A. most think celebrating foreign festivals is ridiculous

B. many fear that traditional Chinese festivals will disappear soon

C. some think that celebrating foreign festivals is a sign of foreign goodness chasing

D. half think celebrating foreign festivals makes people not go out of fashion

6.The writer thinks that foreign festivals celebrated in China ______.

A. have lost their religious background

B. are the same as those celebrated in the West

C. can give more fun than traditional Chinese festivals

D. may rece the hunger of public people

7.What is the main difference between foreign festivals and traditional Chinese ones?

A. Foreign festivals can make Chinese shop owners』 pockets full quickly.

B. The food at foreign festivals is too simple.

C. Chinese festivals always have something to do with culture.

D. Foreign festivals are romantic while traditional Chinese ones are connected with reality.

8.Which of the following may NOT be the reason why so many people accept foreign festivals?

A. People can relax themselves.

B. People can show their thanks to others.

C. Foreign festivals have longer histories than Chinese ones.

D. People have known more about the western culture.

答案：

如今，中國人對西方的節日越來越感興趣，而中國的傳統節日越來越不受人們的重視，原因何在呢?中西方兩種文化有何不同之處，西方節日在中國處於一個什麼樣的地位，接受西方的節日是對是錯?讀完這篇文章，相信我們會得到答案。

5.C。細節理解題。A項只有10.45%的人如此認為，most一詞錯誤;B項will disappear soon錯誤;D項只有17.85%的人這么認為，很明顯，half一詞錯誤;依據文章第二段倒數第二句可知C項正確。

6.A。細節理解題。依據文章第三段第三句中的「They have lost their religious background and turned into a big occasion to have fun and enjoy life.」可知，A項正確;依據第三段中的have difference from the origin可知B項錯誤;C項文章沒有進行比較;D項文章用的是the public』s hunger for happiness is filled，而非飢餓，故答案為A。

7.D。細節理解題。A項錯誤，文章第三段提及商家掙到了錢，公眾的幸福感得到了滿足，而並非外國的節日能夠讓店主的錢包迅速地鼓起來;B項too simple與原文不符;C項不是區別，兩種節日都與文化有關。依據文章第四、五兩段可知，D項正確，兩種節日的區別在於西方的節日浪漫，而中國的節日則與實際生活密切相關。

8.C。細節理解判斷題。文章沒有提及中國的節日與西方的節日相比誰的歷史更悠久，故C項錯誤。

4. 關於高考英語閱讀理解題的應考技巧

■策略一、緊扣主旨大意

高考英語閱讀理解的主旨大意題主要是考查考生在理解全文的基礎上運用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維的方法對文章進行高度的概括或總結的能力。常見的設問方式有：

●標題類：what'sthebesttitle/headlinefor

thepassage？

●大意類：thetextismainlyabout__.the

topic/_.fromthepassage，wecanconcludethat_.

inwritingthepassage？

針對主旨大意類型的題，考生可以掌握以下解題策略：把握文章邏輯結構，快速找出主題；尋找主題句，確定文章中心思想；將首段中心句和各段第一句話連接成一個整體，得出文章主題；逆向思維法解標題類問題。

一、把握文章邏輯結構，快速找出主題

高考閱讀理解文章的主要邏輯結構：

1、時間順序。按時間先後順序說明某一事件、某一理論的發展過程，屬於這種結構的文章主題通常在首段或末段。

2、“總說-分述”結構。首段做總的說明，其他段落分別說明或具體論述首段的觀點，屬於這種結構的文章主題在首段。最典型的是新聞報道類文章，此類體裁的文章在近年高考閱讀中逐漸增多。一般這類文章都有固定格式：城市名稱(新聞社)———新聞內容。掌握一些國際知名新聞社的英文名稱是必要的，路透社reuters，美聯社associatedpress，法新社agencefrancepresse。梁世

3、“分述-總說”結構。前面幾段分別說明，末段總結。屬於這種結構的文章主題在末段。

二、尋找主題句，確定文章中心思想

不是所有的文章都有主題句，對於大部分有主題句的文章來說，主題句表達了文章的中心思想，找到了主題句，也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。主題句呈現的形式有：

1、在文首。文章開門見山，提出主題，隨後擺事實、講道理來解釋、支撐和發展主題句所表達的主題思想。2、在文帶渣緩中。通常前面只提出問題，隨之陳述細節引出主題，而後做進一步的解釋、支撐或發展。3、在文尾。在表述細節後，歸納要點，得出結論，以概括主題。

三、將首段中心句和各段第一句話連接成一個整體，得出文章主題

通常有些文章會在首段提出一個重要論點，隨後在各段分別進一步從不同角度繼續闡述，這樣我們可以找出首段的中心句，再將其和各段第蠢模一句串聯在一起，就可以得出文章的中心思想。如：(2006北京卷d篇71題)

？

a.

b.-ment

c.

d.

第一段：

infantdeathcaused，motherandchild.

第二段：oneofthesepremodernattach-ment-



intothesecondyear.…

第三段：athirdpracticewhichhadthe

samedistancingeffectwaswet-nursing.…

從第一段的中心句和各段的第一句不難看出，這篇文章的標題應該是ment.

四、逆向思維法解標題類問題

(2005全國i卷b篇62題)whatwould

bethebesttitleforthetext？

a.across-countrytripb.aspecialbor-derpassc.anunguardedborderd.anexpensivechurchvisit

如果標題是across-countrytrip，那麼文章應該講述一次出境旅行；如果標題是aspecialborderpass，那麼文章應該著重講一個特殊的邊境通行證；如果標題是anunguardedborder，那麼文章應該側重講邊境如何不設防；如果標題是anexpensivechurchvisit，那麼文章應該講一次禮拜如何花費昂貴了。經過這樣的逆向思維，我們不難發現文章的內容恰好與標題anexpensivechurch

visit一致，因此應該選d。

一、對於寫作意圖的把握

1.注意連接詞的使用：，mydad

tookmetothewildliferefuge.heneeded

-iment.atfirst，.whatifonetriedtoeatme？butwehadalotofhelp，and

mydadknewalotaboutalligators，soitwasok.

first，but，so等展開的。所設題目是：

？

a.

fiercealligatorsb.

c..

某些句型表面看上去是比較級，而實際上是最高級含義。mymotherdeci-dedtotakemeonthetrip.itcouldn'tbebetter.(itcouldn'tbebetter=it'sgreat.意為“太好了”)

注意虛擬語氣的使用。.(我多麼希望已通過了駕照考試呀！)此句暗含的事實是：並沒通過考試。

3.將自己想像為故事中的主人公，體會其心理感受

有一篇文章，寫一個老太太剛剛在海邊買了一座別墅，打算在那裡度過餘生。因為那裡的氣候濕潤溫暖，更適合她的健康。此時她站在曾經生活了25年的房子里，最後環顧這曾經裝載了她的大半生的房子。所給的問題是：？正確答案是：herfeelingiscomplex.其他的選項如sheishappy/she

issad等都片面。只要我們設身處地站在老太太的位置上想一想，就不難找到正確答案。

4.把握全篇文脈，仔細揣摩事情發生的背景

我們不僅要掌握一定的語言知識，還需要平時儲備一定的邏輯推理能力以及必要的西方的文化背景知識，才能完全領會文章的主旨或者其所滲透出的幽默感。請看下面這篇介紹父子關系的文章。第一句話就開門見山：myfatherandiwereveryclose.hewasalwaysproudofmysuccess.然後用一個事例說明：ifiwonaspelingcontestatschool，hewasontopoftheworld.如果知道beontopoftheworld是“高興至極”的意思，也只是理解了語言的表層含義。接下來：wheniwasnamedpresidentofthe

fordmotorcompany，ididn'tknowwhichofuswasmoreexcited.正確理解了上文的鋪墊，才會真正領會此句暗含的意味及幽默：實際上父親比我還高興。如果對西方人的生活方式及習慣比較了解的話，也不難接受下面的句子：-

tunity———.我們再來繼續欣賞一下父親鮮明的個性：.-torcycle.unfortunately，myfatherandhis

motorcycledidn'tgetalongtoowell.he

.asaresult，.讀懂了這些，就不難理

解下文中為什麼父親不讓“我”擁有一輛自行車，反而當“我”剛滿16歲就讓我開車了。正確理解了文章的來龍去脈及內涵，對於文後題目的處理也就會輕而易舉了。

二、對於出題意圖的把握

1.正確理解一個事物的兩個方面

有些題目不是直接照搬原文的話，而是用一些另外的語言表達出同樣的意思，因此我們必須掌握用英文解釋英文的技能。如一篇介紹輟學學生的文章，文章先後兩次談到學生輟學後的感想。第一次：

theymadeamistakebygivingupand

.

第二次：.文後的題目是whichof

-age？正確答案是：.雖然

原文沒有像題目這樣明確說明，但其實這是一個事物的兩個方面；對於輟學的後悔其實就是希望繼續上學。通過正確推斷這些文句的含義，即可找出正確答案。

2.以文章內容為基礎進行判斷

■策略三、合理推理判斷

一、理解定義。判斷是對已知的事實仔細評價之後做出的合理決定。推理是對事實的內涵所做的陳述或以事實為依據對未知所做的陳述。注意無論是判斷還是推理都是以已知事實為依據。

二、推理題常見的提問形式。常以infer，

imply，indicate，suggest，conclude，learn，in-

tend，mean，describe，purpose等詞提問。

或含有表推測的情態動詞，如can，could，might，would等和其他表示可能性的動詞，如probably，mostlikely等。

三、具體策略

1.通過辨認細節的技巧，找到相關的事實或證據，對這些事實或證據進行分析和評價，在此基礎上再作決定。切記：推斷是以文章提供的事實為依據，而不是憑空想像，更不是讀者自己的意願。

2.藉助常識。在推理判斷題中，我們平時積累的一些常識通常會派上用場。2006年陝西高考英語試卷中一篇關於通信發展史的閱讀最為典型。a.

faster.b.slower.大家都應知道交通越來越發達，郵電業當然是faster.此篇還涉及到有關發郵件的常識，如果同學們有這個commonsense，就如魚得水了。

3.務必要用排除法。排除法在此類題型中發揮著不可磨滅的作用。根據在文章中找到的事實依據和常識排除錯誤信息，再排除和文章中一詞不差的信息(文章里的原句不會是推理判斷出來的結果，但通過同義詞或句型轉換過的選項有可能是正確答案)，最後再排除無關或偏離信息，正確答案就不言而喻了。

4.詞句段篇，相互交融。詞的理解要放在句子里，句子的理解要靠段，段的理解也離不開篇。單獨說floor誰都知道是什麼意思，但…，inherownhandwriting…這個語境里是surprised的意思。因此不能獨立地看某個詞或某句話。此外，學生對一詞多義或一些習語的積累也是很有必要的，這就要靠同學們課下多下工夫了。

例heisanoldcobbler(修鞋匠)withashopinthemarais，ahistoricareainparis.whenitookhimmyshoes，heat

firsttoldme：“ihavenotime.takethem

;he'll

fixthemrightaway.”

buti'.justlookingathisbench

，iknewhewasaskilledcraftsman(手藝人).“no，”ireplied，“theotherfellowcan'tdo

itwel.”

“theotherfellow”wasoneofthose

“while-u-wait”-.theyworkcarelessly，andwhentheyhavefin-ishedsewingbackasandalstrap(鞋帶)you

.

mymansawiwouldn'tgivein，andhesmiled.hewipedhishandsonhisblueapron(圍裙)，lookedatmyshoes，，“comebackinaweek.”.

“seewhaticando？”hesaidwithapride.“onlythreeofusinpariscando

thiskindofwork.”

whenigotbackoutintothestreet，

theworldseemedbrand-newtome.(傳說)，-

ingfamiliarly，hisverystrange，styfelthat，hisfunnyaccentfromwho-knows-whereand，aboveal，hisprideinhiscraft.

thesearetimeswhennothingisim-portantbutthebottomline，“pays”，when，inshort，peoplelookonworkasapathtoever-increasingconsumption(消費)-ties.-tionfrom

prideinajobweldone.

1.？

a.

tools.b.hewastheonlycobblerinthe

marais.c.hewasproudofhisskils.d.hewasanativeparisian.

2.thesentence“.”impliedthat___

a.

likehimb..themanwasvery

stranged.themanwastooold

解析：1.c文中多處提到關於自豪的字眼acobblerwhogetshisgreatest

.andhesaidwithapride.這正是c項的涵義。a，d是無關信息文中沒有提及排除b是錯誤選項。依據：theotherfellow還有onlythreeofusinpariscando…

2.a說他像古代傳奇中的人物。言行，打扮尤其對自己手藝的自豪，現代社會罕見。insuchaperioditisarare

.b，d在文章中沒有任何依據，排除。c項的strange很有迷惑性但文中說到的是strangehatnottheman.

■【試試看吧】

allthroughmyboyhoodandyouth，iwasknownasanidler;，whichwastolearntowrite.ikeptalwaystwobooksinmypocket，onetoread，onetowritein.asiwalked，

words;whenisatbytheroadside，iwouldeitherread，orapencilandanote-bookwouldbeinmyhand，.thusilivedwithwords.

;.(thoughiwishedthat，too)asthati

.;andipractisedtoacquireit.;-.but

iworkedinotherwaysalso;ioftenaccom-，inwhichiplayedmanyparts;.

thiswasallexcellent，nodoubt..goodasitwas，.andregardedastraining，ithad

onegravedefect;.sotherewasperhapsmoreprofit，astherewascertainlymoreeffort，in

mysecretlaboursathome.wheneveri

，，(巧妙特色)inthestyle，imustsitdownatonceandsetmy-selftoapethatquality.iwasunsuccessfulandiknew

it;andtriedagain，;-ticeinrhythm，inharmony，.ihavethus

playedtheselousapetohzlitte，tolamb，towordsworth，todefoe，to

hawthorne.that，likeitornot，istheway

tolearntowrite;whetherihaveprofitedornot，thatistheway.itwasso，ifwecouldtraceitout，thatallmenhavelearned.

1.inthispassage______.

a.

successful

b.

c.

d.

learningtowrite

2.fromthispassagewecaninferthat____.
a..

b.

learningtowrite

c.

fromone'syoungerdays

d.failureisthemotherofsuccess

參考答案db

5. 高考英語閱讀理解文章分幾類

1、記敘文
記敘文又可分傳記類和故事類。傳記類文章在閱讀中時間是全文的關鍵，根據時間我們可以找到相關的事件，抓住文章的主要內容。故事類文章情節性較強，閱讀時要注意故事中的時間、地點、人物和發生的事件，這些都是文章中的主要內容和信息，對於准確理解文章十分重要。
2、說明文
說明文是對事物的形狀、性質、特徵、成果或功用等進行介紹，解釋或闡述的文章。把握所說明事物的特徵和本質是理解說明文的關鍵。說明事物特徵的方法很多，主要有定義法、解釋法、比較法、比喻法、數字法、圖表法、引用法和舉例法等。(1)數字說明文在閱讀數字說明文時要特別注意文中數字的含義，從這些數字中可以找到文章的主要內容。(2)解釋說明文解釋說明文著重說明事物的本質、特徵和功用等。許多科普文章都屬於這一類。在閱讀這類文章時要學會解決what，how,why等一類的問題。它們是文章的關鍵。如能帶著這些問題閱讀，將會更迅速抓住文章的主題。(3)比較說明文比較說明文是通過對比方法說明問題。在閱讀這類文章時要善於把握全篇陳述的基本傾向。作者在談論一個有爭議的問題時總要顧及到爭議的各個方面。但是，在一般情況下，作者的陳述總要傾向於某一種觀點。
3、應用文
應用文涉及的范圍比較廣，包括廣告、通知、書信等。應用文一般語言簡潔，省略及不規范的句子較多。閱讀時一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息，並運用這些信息去解決問題。因此對題乾的理解尤為重要。

6. 高考英語閱讀理解訓練題及參考答案

高考英語閱讀理解【1】

Blondin was a very famous acrobat(雜技師) in the 19th century. He used to walk on a tight--rope across the Niagara Falls(瀑布). On September 8th, 1860, a crowd of about 300,000 people gathered at Niagara to watch Blondin carry a man across! Three men had offered to go with him, but they falled to appear, so Blondin asked his manager, Mr. Colcord, to climb on his back, Colcord agreed to go this so as not to disappoint the crowd, but he was terrified. The crossing was very difficult because Colcord was heavier than Blondin thought. After he had gone a short way, Blondin had to stop in order to rest. He asked Colcord to get down. At first Colcord refused, but at last he had to. He clung to (緊緊握住) Blondin’s leg and the rope in order not to fall, Blondin had to stop six times ring the crossing so as to rest. Sometimes the rope swung(盪，擺動) as much as 40 feet! At last both men crossed safely. The crowd sighed with relief(松一口氣) and so did poor Mr. Colcord.

1. How did Blondin walk across Niagara Falls on September 8th , 1860?

A. On a tight—rope with his manager on his back.

B. On a tight—rope by himself.

C. On a tight—rope with three men on his back.

D. On a tight—rope with one of his helpers on his back.

2. Why do you think the three men did not appear?

A. They couldn’t walk on tight-rope. B. They did not dare to take the risk.

C. They were ill. D. They had met with an accident.

3. Mr. Colcord agreed to act with Blondin because he .

A. was brave

B. was Blondin’s true friend

C. did not want to disappoint the 300,000 people

D. was Blondin’s manager

4. Blondin stopped six times ring the crossing .

A. in order to help Colcord

B. in order to get his strength back

C. because Colcord clung to his leg and the rope

D. because Colcord was heavier than him

5. Blondin’s nationality was .

A. American B. Canadian

C. Englishman D. not mentioned in the passage

高考英語閱讀理解【2】

One day last November, Tom Baker stopped out of his house into the morning light and headed across the rice fields toward the bank of the Rapti River. Tom, a 32-year-old school teacher in the farming village of Madanpur, was going for his morning bath.

As he approached(走近) the river, the head of a tiger(老虎) suddenly appeared over the edge of the river bank. Before he could turn to run, the tiger was upon him. It jumped on his shoulder and threw him to the ground, its huge jaws attacked his head in a killing bite.

Peter Smith was also on his way to the river and saw the attack. He screamed. The tiger lifted its head and roared(吼叫) at him. Peter ran.

From the window of his house John Brown heard the tiger roar and ran out to see it attacking a man. He screamed, too, and all the villagers ran out shouting as the tiger dropped its victim(犧牲品) and ran off. When the villagers reached the river bank, Tom was already dead.

For the villagers, the horror of the incident intensified(加劇) by the tales of man-eating tigers that has once run around in the countryside, killing hundreds.

1. How many people saw the tiger before it was driven off?

A One person. B. Two persons. C. Three persons. D. Four persons.

2. What was the victim’s professional job?

A. A hunter. B. A teacher. C. A farmer. D. A manager.

3. The reason why the tiger attacked the man was .

A. it was hungry B. it was angry

C. it was frightened by the man D. not mentioned in the passage

7. 如何解答高考英語閱讀題

在英語考試中，關於閱讀理解的題型應該怎麼解答呢?下面我為大家詳細介紹下，供參考。

英語閱讀理解怎麼答

英語閱讀理解：直接做題

真正的英語聽力高手都有一個特點，就是他們在很多題目的時候，即使不知道聽力內容也可以作出答案來。閱讀理解就是一個找答案的過廳沖程。這種題型要求我們知道我們需則亮要尋找什麼，再去閱讀文章。所以，第一步，仔細閱讀題目，寫上一個你認為可能的選項。好了，現在看是根據題目閱讀你的第一個英語閱讀理解，修正你的答案。按照這樣的方法完成所以閱讀。

我推薦： 2017年高考英語作文必背範文

答完英語題，要有空餘的時間

這個時間本來是用來對前面做了記號的題目的復查的。時間有富足的同學完全可以這么做。多於時間只多出5分鍾這樣的同學來說，最重要的是一個心態。至少你還有時間空餘，帶著好的心態進入下一門科目的考試吧!加油!

高考英語閱讀題解題技巧

高考英語試題中，閱讀題佔有很大的分值。但是閱讀理解是很多同學丟分的「重災區」。想要做好閱讀題需要單詞的積累，這個要看各位同學平時的習慣，以及是否能將積累到的知識進行熟練的應用，而且，閱讀理解最重要的一點是——審題。

閱讀理解分為完形填空、七選五和文章類閱讀。每種題型的解題技巧是不一樣的。對於高考英語完形填空題，各位同學可以先將全文大致進行瀏覽後，在開始進行解答。當然，如果能直接確定選項，也可以直接做答，同時在無法確定選項時也可以將使用排除法等方法進行做答。

英語文章類閱讀題建議各位同學先將設問進行閱讀，然後帶著問題進行閱讀，一遍閱讀一遍進行答案的尋找，可以省下很多時間，高考英語七選五問題可以從答案開始出發，再到文章，通常是議論文，將重點放在每個小標題中，每個小標題在一定程度上可扮盯殲以決定選項。

8. 高考英語閱讀理解解題技巧全攻略

【 #英語資源# 導語】為了讓同學們被少扣分甚至不扣分， 考 網總結了高考英語閱讀理解題型的超詳細解題技巧和方法，高考來啦，快快收藏起來好好研究吧！

閱讀理解

通過詳細分析歷年高考英語試卷，我們可將閱讀理解歸納為以下幾種題型：主旨大意題，細節理解題，推理判斷題（含寫作意圖、目的等），詞義猜測題。英語閱讀理解題的技巧與策略是學生提高閱讀理解多需要具備的。

一、 主旨大意題

這類題在設題時常會用到title, subject, main idea, topic, theme等詞。

1.歸納標題題

特點：短小精悍，一般多為一個短語；涵蓋性強，一般能覆蓋全文意思；精確性強，表達范圍要恰當，不能隨意改變語意程度或色彩。常見命題形式有：

What』s the best title for the text?

The best title for this passage is ___.

Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

2. 概括大意題

包括尋找段落大意（topic）和文章中心思想（main idea），常見命題形式有：

What is the general/main idea of the passage？ Which of the following expresses the main idea？ What is the subject discussed in the text?

BThe writer of the story wants to tell us that_____. The passage/ text is mainly about_____. What』s the article mainly about ？

解題技巧

閱讀理解文章多是議論文和說明文 ，這兩種文體的結構可歸納為：提出問題——論述問題——得出結論或者闡明觀點。對於這類文章，抓主題句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主題句一般出現在文章的開頭或結尾。主題句具有簡潔性、概括性的特點。主題句在文章中的位置主要有以下幾種情況攔碧。

位於段首 ：一般而言，以演繹法撰寫的文章，主題句往往在文章的開頭，即先點出主題，然後圍繞這一主題作具體的陳述。判斷第一句是否為主題句，可具體分析段落的首句與第凳早二，三句的關系；如果從第二句就開始對第一句進行說明，論述或描述，那第一句就是主題句。有些段落，在主題句後面有明顯引出細節的信號詞，如for example, an example of; first, second, next, last, finally; to begin with, also, besides; one, the other; some, others等。在閱讀中應盡量利用上述信號詞來確定主題句的位置。

位於段尾 ：有些文章會在開頭列舉事實, 然後通過論證闡述作者簡粗舉的核心論點。因此，如果第一句話不是概括性的或綜合性的話，快速讀一讀段落的最後一個句子，看看它是否具備主題句的特徵。如果它具備主題句的特徵，段落的主題思想就很容易確定了。一般說來，當一種觀點不易向人解釋清楚或不易被人接受時，主題句便會到段落的末尾才出現。學生可以充分利用引出結論的信號詞。如so，therefore，thus，consequently；in conclusion，in short；in a word, to sum up等來確定主題句的位置在段尾。當無明顯的此類信號時，學生可在段落的最後一句話前面添加一個引出結論的信號詞，以確定其是否是主題句。

位於段中 ：有時段落是先介紹背景和細節，接著用一句綜合或概括性的話概括前面所說的內容或事例，然後再圍繞主題展開對有關問題的深入討論。這種文章的主題句往往會在段落中間出現。歸納起來主要有兩種情況：先提出問題，然後給予回答(主題句)，最後給予解釋；或者，先提出問題，然後點出主題思想(主題句)，最後給予解釋。

首尾呼應 ：主題句在段落的開頭和結尾兩個位置上先後出現，形成前呼後應的格局。這兩個主題句敘說的是同一個內容，但用詞不盡相同，這樣不但強調了主題思想，而且顯得靈活多變。這兩個句子並非簡單重復，後一個主題句或對該主題作最後的評述，或對要點作一概括，或使之引申留給讀者去思考。

無明確主題句：找關鍵詞（出現頻率較高）, 歸納總結。

注意

新題型中有一個選項是干擾項，解答此類題時同學易犯以下三種錯誤：

（1）表述過於片面，只涵蓋該段個別細節；

（2）表述太過於籠統，已經超出該段的內容；

（3）表述與段落內容無關，在段落中找不到相關依據

二、細節理解題

考查內容主要涉及時間、地點、人物、事件、原因、結果、數字等議論文中例證細節和定義類細節。這類題目的共同特點是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。當然，答案並不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根據文章提供的信息自己組織語句回答問題。

1.事實細節題→尋讀法

分為直接理解題和間接理解題，前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提問，或判斷正誤；後者需與原文信息轉換，表達上與原文有差異。常見命題形式有：

What can we learn from the passage?

All the following are mentioned except

Which of the following is mentioned (not mentioned)?

Which of the following statements is true/right/false/wrong about…?

2. 排列順序題→首尾定位法 （找出第一個事件和最後一個事件，用排除法縮小范圍）

常出現在記敘文和說明文中，一般按事件發生的順序。常見命題形式有：

Which of the following is the correct order of…? Which of the following shows the path of signals described in Paragraph…?

3. 圖文匹配題→按圖索驥理清線索

設題形式：給出圖表，根據圖表提問問題。

4. 數字計算題→ （方法：審題→帶著問題找細節→對比、分析、計算）

可直接找到相關細節，但需經過計算方可找到答案。

三、推理判斷題

主要考查學生對文章中隱含或深層的含意的理解能力。它要求考生根據文章內容做出合乎邏輯的推斷，包括考生對作者觀點的理解，態度的判斷，對修辭、語氣、隱含意思等的理解。題干關鍵詞：infer(推斷),

indicate(象徵，暗示), imply/suggest(暗示), conclude(作出結論), assume(假定，設想).

1.細節推理判斷題

一般可根據短文提供的信息或藉助生活常識進行推理判斷，常見命題形式有：

It can be inferred/ concluded from the text that __________.

The author implies/ suggests that_____.

We may infer that _________.

Which of the following statements is implied but NOT stated?

2.預測推理判斷題

根據語篇對文章接下來的內容或可能的結局進行猜測，常見命題形式有： What do you think will happen if/when…?

At the end of this passage, the writer might continue to write_____

3.推測文章來源或讀者對象

常見命題形式有：

The passage is probably take out of_____

The passage would most likely be found in_____

Where does this text probably come from?

4.寫作意圖、目的、態度推斷題

作者的語氣態度往往不會直接寫在文章里，只能通過細讀文章，從作者的選詞及其修飾手段中體會出來。

詢問寫作目的的題，選項里常出現的詞 是：explain(解釋), prove (證明), persuade(勸說), advise(勸告), comment(評論), praise(贊揚), criticize(批評), entertain(娛樂), demonstrate(舉例說明), argue(辯論), tell(講述), analyze(分析)等。

詢問語氣態度的題，選項里 常出現的詞 是：neutral(中立的), sympathetic(同情的), satisfied(滿意的), friendly(友好的), enthusiastic(熱情的), subjective(主觀的), objective(客觀的), matter-of-fact(實事求是的), pessimistic(悲觀的), optimistic(樂觀的), critical(批評的), doubtful(懷疑的), hostile(敵對的), indifferent(冷淡的), disappointed(失望的)。

常見命題形式有：

The purpose of the text is_____

What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? By mentioning…, the author aims to show that_____

What is the author』s attitude towards…?

What is the author』s opinion on…?

The author』s tone in this passage is _____.

解答技巧

推斷題是考查學生透過文章表面的文字信息進行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。推理和判斷必須以事實為依據，切莫主觀臆斷。

①那些文章中直接陳述的內容不能選，要選擇根據文章推理出來的選項。

②推理不是憑空猜測，而是立足已知推斷未知；作出正確答案時一定要在文中找到依據或理由。

③要忠實於原文，以文章提供的事實和線索為依據。不能以自己的觀點代替作者的想法；不要脫離原文主觀臆斷。

四、詞義猜測題

考點：

①猜測某個詞、片語、句子的意義

②對文中的多義詞或片語進行定義

③判斷某個代詞的指代的對象。常見命題形式有：

The underlined word/phrase in the second paragraph means _____.

The word 「it/they」 in the last sentence refers to______.

The word 「…」（Line 6. para.2）probably means ______.

The word 「…」（Line 6. para.2）could best be replaced by which of the following?

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word 「…」 ?

解答技巧

1.通過因果關系猜詞通過因果關系猜詞

首先是找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關系，然後才能猜詞。有時文章藉助關聯詞(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因後果。

例如：You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault. 通過for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯)，可猜出blame的詞義是"責備"。

2.通過同義詞和反義詞的關系猜詞

通過同義詞猜詞 ，一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞片語，如happy and *，即使我們不認識*這個詞，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在進一步解釋的過程中使用的同義詞，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships. 此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均為生詞，但只要知道planets就可猜出這幾個詞都屬於"行星"這一義域。

通過反義詞猜詞 ，一是看錶轉折關系的連詞或副詞，如but，while，however等；二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根據not at all...handsome我們不難推測出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

3.通過構詞法猜詞

根據前綴、後綴、復合、派生等構詞知識判斷生詞詞義。如：She is unlikely to have stolen the money. ( 「un」含否定意義，故為「不太可能」之意。)

4.通過定義或釋義關系來推測詞義

例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought. 從drought所在句子的上文我們得知很久不下雨，於是便有一段乾旱的時期，即drought，由此可見drought意思為"久旱"，"旱災"。而a dry period和drought是同義語。這種同義或釋義關系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折號等來表示。

5.通過句法功能來推測詞義

例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生詞，我們可以從這兩個詞在句中所處的位置來判斷它們大致的意思。從句中不難看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同類關系，同屬fruit類，因此它們是兩樣水果，准確地說，是菠蘿和椰子。

6.通過描述猜詞

描述即作者對該人或該物作出的外在相貌或內在特徵的描寫。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.從例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一種生活在南極的鳥類。後面更詳盡地描述了該鳥類的生活習性。

7. 根據常識猜詞

如：The door was so low that he hit his head on the lintel.（lintel 「過梁」。）

Afraid of waking the baby up, she tiptoed out of the room.（tiptoed 「踮著腳走，躡手躡腳」）

七選五

高考閱讀理解信息匹配的7選5題型，主要考查考生對文章的整體內容和結構以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。

從題型和內容我們可以看出 ，選項可分為：

a.主旨概括句（文章整體內容）

b.過渡性句子（文章結構）

c.注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。

其多餘的兩個干擾項也往往從這三方面進行設置，如主旨概括句或過於寬泛或以偏概全或偏離主題，過渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結構，注釋性句子與上文脫節等。

高考英語閱讀七選五題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結構和內容上的聯系，理解句子之間、段落之間的關系，對諸如連貫性、一致性等語段特徵有較強的意識和熟練的把握，並具備運用語法知識分析理解長難句的能力。可以說，此題型是對語言能力和閱讀理解能力的綜合測試。

一、解題思路

1、理清句際間的關系

文章的內容是根據各層各段的大意有機地組合而成，各個層次，各個段落之間不管怎樣錯落有致，但它所表達的內容都是要圍繞中心的，各句之間都有一定的語脈，從邏輯意義上來看，語段的句際關系可分為平列、順序、層遞、轉折、總分、解釋、因果等關系。

構成語段的各個句子之間有時可以包含一種以上的句際關系。

因此，理解閱讀材料時一定要把握語脈，理清句際間的關系，進而理解語段或全文的內容。

2、找出句子之間的連接性的詞語

文章的語句間的組合，除了從語句間的意義關系分析外，還可藉助句子之間的連接性詞語來把握，因為連接性詞語能表明這個語段句與句之間、層與層之間的基本關系有：

承接關系（如 so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等）

平列關系（如first, second, third…; firstly, secondly, thirdly…; first, next, then…; in the first place, in the second place…; for one thing, for another thing…;to begin with, to conclude 等）。如文中的選項 71，由 Second、Third 得知應選表示平列關系的句子 G.項。

轉折關系（如 however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever,whatever on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise 等）。比如選項 75，與前句構成了轉折關系，故應選 D 項答案。

層遞關系（如 also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, what』s more, too, either, neither,not…but…, not only…but also 等）。如 72 選項，與前句組合為層遞關系，故應選包含 also 的 E.項句子。

解釋關系，如 73 選項應選 F.選項，與 74 選項平等的，是一組祈示句，而非陳述句，故應選 A.項而非 B項。

二、解題步驟

1、通讀全文

在 閱讀過程中，要注意文章的開始與結束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因為「開門見山」與「結尾總結」的寫作方式為常見的寫作方式，首段的末句一般是是 全文的主題所在，說明本文將探討哪些內容，並簡要指出文章的寫作思路，有時甚至會以提綱的形式進行呈現。首段的末句對於快速掌握文章的主題具有重要意義， 如果它是文章的主題句，就可以使讀者迅速明確文章情節將如何展開，並對文章的寫作主題有了整體的了解。如果末句不是主題句，則需要繼續尋找。這時，可以考 慮文章的寫作方式是否為「結尾總結」式，如兩者均可排除，則需在文章中其他段落尋找主題句，但要注意，首段與末段的提示作用。

2、詳讀段落

在短時間內，找出每段寫作內容的關鍵詞。明確各段的主題句或主旨大意。

文章正文部分通常分為若干小段落。各段落會根據整體文章寫作主題展開，對文章主體進行的不同方面的描述。找出各個小段落中的關鍵詞，明確其描述內容，為整體試題的解決做好鋪墊。閱讀各個空的前後句，標記關鍵詞

在閱讀文章的開始部分、明確文章的基本話題以後，要閱讀五個空各自的前後句，並將前後句中的解題線索，即關鍵詞標記下來。關鍵詞包括句中的核心名詞或名詞片語（如帶有形容詞的名詞片語）、專有名詞、時間數字、代詞、連詞等。

重點閱讀各個問題附近的句子，圈定線索詞，然後從選項中尋找相關的特徵詞，以確定答案。做題時可以採用代入排除法。如果一題做不出或拿不準，可先放過，繼續往下讀，先做容易的能做出的題，直到讀完整篇文章。至此，文章的要點和主旨、各個段落之間的邏輯關系應基本清楚了。

3、定位選項

明確各備選選項的含義，抓住其關鍵詞語，根據文章整體結構與具體內容，將選項填入文中，填寫時尤為注意各選項中出現的句子銜接手段及句中的銜接標志詞。

在定位選項時，要特別注意空格上下段的寫作內容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的結構和意義。將所選項放入空白處，看看是否與上下文構成語義及邏輯上的直接關系，是否符合該處語境。能否承接前後的寫作線索。使文章無論內容還是銜接上都能做到通順。

一篇文章作為一個整體，是有其寫作的線索與思路的，在選項定位中，要尤其注意文章的寫作線索，文章的寫作思路的連貫使文章的每個段落、每個句子甚至每個短語均融為一體。如果帶入選項後，發現文章寫作線索中斷或是前後矛盾，應更換其它選項。

4、通讀復檢

將所選答案代入文中，再次通讀全文，重點考查邏輯關系和關聯結構。

在 完成選項定位後，應通讀全文，檢查文章內容是否完整，語義是否連貫合理、各段落內容是否緊扣主題，語篇結構是否通順連貫、具有一致性、合乎邏輯，寫作思路 是否清晰明了，格式以及用語是否恰當貼切，從而判斷選擇的答案是否正確。同時，我們還應注意對相近選項的對比分析，個別干擾項由於與某個正確選項的內容相 近具有很強的干擾性，這時就需要我們認真分析，仔細甄別，排除干擾，從而得出正確選項。

5、確定排除

研究多餘選項，確定排除理由，最終確定答案。

盡管答案都已經確定，但是為了避免失誤，對多餘的選項進行進一步的研究，確定它們和文章的主題和前後句意沒有關聯性之後，才是最終的結果。

9. 高考英語閱讀理解類型

高考英語閱讀理解類型

閱讀理解是高考英語試卷中卷面分值最高的，為了方便考生們更好地復習英語，我在這里整理了高考英語閱讀理解類型及答題技巧，希望能對考生們有所幫助!

【英語閱讀文體類型簡析】

高考英語閱讀常見的文體類型有：記敘文、議論文、說明文和應用文。

[1]、記敘文。

英語記敘文以描寫敘述為主，主要描寫人物、事件、地點、或過程。特點是，其主題往往潛伏在字里行間，沒有直接地表白出來;文章主旨要透過體察所揭示的人物、事件來進行提煉。描寫手法大多按時間跨度、空間順序、上下順序來展開。閱讀記敘文體應採取略讀和掃讀的方法，快速抓住文中描寫的主要內容，從整體上去把握文章的連貫性，進而大體上揣測出作者的寫作意圖及情感主線。高考閱讀就記敘文設題大多以細節理解為主。

[2]、議論文。

英語議論文通常為三段式，即“論點、論據、結論”三部份組成。首先藉助某一現象引出論點，然後通過一定論據從各個層面上加以推理論證，最後得出結論。議論文體主要考查學生對論點及論據的把握。因此，遇到議論文體時，應採取抓主題句的方法來把握文章主旨，弄清作者的觀點。一般來說，作者的論點通常在文章首段被引出，接著是對這一論點的邏輯推理和論證，最後為結論。還應注意的是：在對論點論證的過程中，每一段的首句都是該段的主題句。把握全文論點、弄清論證各段的主題句、理解文章層次、找出中心論點的.位置是理解議論文的關鍵。

就議論文而言，其論證的常見結構方式有：

1，總分式 總---分;分----總;總----分---總;

2，並列式 幾個論據之間屬於平等關系;

3，遞進式 幾個論據之間屬於遞進關系;

4，對照式 把兩種事物加以對比，以彰顯其中一種。

[3]、說明文。

英語說明文的總體結構通常為三部份，說明對象、說明過程和歸納總結。常見的說明方法：

1，定義與詮釋說明;

2，舉例與引用說明;

3，分類與圖表說明;

4，比較與比喻說明;

5，分析與綜合說明;

就高考英語說明文的閱讀而言，首先要抓住文章說明的要點，也就是要抓住被說明對象的實質性特徵;弄清作者從哪個角度、哪個層面開始說明;並明白文章最後的說明結論。高考說明文閱讀材料通常介紹最新科技、重大成就、生活時尚、流行現象等。了解說明文的寫作手法、說明方法，理清短文結構及段落中心思想是答題關鍵。

[4]、應用文。

英語應用文屬於實用型文體，如書信、通知、日記、廣告等。應用文閱讀要注意文中具體細節的把握與理解，弄清作者所傳達的實際信息及表達的具體內容。閱讀時採取速讀與精讀相結合的方法，力求快速精確地查出試題所設置的關鍵內容。

【英語閱讀理解答題技巧】

高考閱讀理解常見的設題形式有：詞義猜測題、主旨大意題、細節理解題、推理題和推斷題。題型不同，答題技巧也就有差異。下面就不同題型的答題技巧作一點簡分析。

1、詞義猜測技巧。

這種題型要求對文章中的劃線生詞進行詞義猜測。這類題型不僅要求具備一定構詞法，而且也要求對上下文具有比較全面的理解。做詞意猜測時，應注意劃線生詞後面的定語從句、同位語從句。定語從句、同位語從句通常用來解釋生詞的詞意。另外，還要應注意生詞後的標點符號，如逗號、破折號、引號、括弧都可用於提示詞意。有時，詞意隱藏在全文或某一段中，這就需要把握文段的意境來加以透知該詞的含義。

To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day，over one hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the Earth’s species will become extinct.

27.The underlined word “vanish” in Paragraph 2 most probably means _____.

A. remain B. disappear C. become rarer D. get killed

2、抓主旨大意的技巧。

一般來說，議論文的主旨大意要麼在首段，要麼在尾段。文章主旨位於首段時，其後的段落通常是演繹論證的過程;在段尾時，其前的段落通常是在擺事實、講道理，最後歸納出全文主旨。說明文的主旨也通常位於首段;記敘文的主旨有的位於開首段(如新聞報道、時事經緯等文章的主旨均置於開場白的位置，達到開門見山、直奔主題的效果)，但大多數記敘文的主旨隱藏在文章之中，需理清文章脈絡，挖掘文章內涵，把握作者意圖。

Zoos divide opinion：there are those who think it is cruel to keep animals locked up while others believe zoos are essential for the survival of endangered species.

29. According to the passage some people do not agree with zoos because they _____.

A. are too expensive to run B. put animals in danger

C. do not provide enough food D. keep animals locked up

3、推斷題型答題技巧。

推理是在既有信息的基礎上得出合乎文章內容的內涵意義，即某一問題、某一觀點沒有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行間，要求通過文中信息分析推出某種符合作者思想、符合文章邏輯的內涵意義。推斷則是指通過對文章進行符合邏輯的綜合分析，推出文章未直接陳述的言外之意。推斷題推斷得正確與否，很大程度上取決於是否能正確把握作者潛隱在字里行間的語氣及觀點。

To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day，over one hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the Earth’s species will become extinct.

26. What’s the writer’s attitude towards zoos?

A. He shows no opinion either for or against them.

B. He thinks that they are unnecessary and cruel.

C. He believes they play an important environmental role.

D. He expresses a desire that more of them be built.

4、細節題型的答題技巧。

細節題型的解答通常是藉助對文中的具體信息的查尋來解決。答題時要採取略讀、掃讀、析讀和精讀的辦法從文中找出問題答案。細節題型多問及時間、地點、人物、數量和特徵等。

Some animals are in danger because they are hunted. Alarmingly, the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent. Other species are in danger because of a lack of food. For example, there are fewer than 1300 giant pandas left in the wild.

28. According to the passage the world’s tiger population _____.

A. will rise by 5% next year B. is relatively stable

C/ is 95% smaller than in the past D. has fallen to 95%

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10. 高考英語閱讀理解題型及解題技巧

關於高考英語閱讀理解題型及解題技巧簡介如下：

高考簡介：

普通高等學校招生全國統一考試（Nationwide Unified Examination for Admissions to General Universities and Colleges），簡稱「高考」，是合格的高中畢業生或具有同等學力的考生參加的選拔性考試。

普通高等學校招生全國統一考試，是為普通高等學校招生設置的全國性統一考試，每年6月7日到10日實施。

參加考試的對象是全日制普通高中畢業生和具有同等學歷的中華人民共和國公民，招生分理工農醫（含體育）、文史（含外語和藝術）兩大類。普通高等學校根據考生成績，按照招生章程和計劃，德智體美勞全面衡量，擇優錄取。

普通高等學校招生全國統一考試由國家主管部門授權的單位或實行自主命題的省級教育考試院命制；由教育部統一調度，各省級招生考試委員會負責執行和管理。教育部要求各省（區、市）考試科目名稱與全國統考科目名稱相同的必須與全國統考時間安排一致。